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The Pericardium
…providing motor and sensory innervation to the diaphragm. Originating in the neck and travelling down through the thoracic cavity, the phrenic nerve is a common source of referred pain, with…
The Superficial Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve
…of the common fibular nerve. It arises at the neck of the fibula, descending between the fibularis muscles and the lateral side of the extensor digitorum longus. Here, it gives…
The Deep Fibular Nerve
…of the leg, between the fibularis longus muscle and the neck of the fibula. The nerve then travels medially, pierces the intermuscular septum, and enters the anterior compartment of the…
Great Vessels of the Heart
…coronary arteries. The second continuous segment is the arch of the aorta, from which branch the major arteries to the head, neck and upper limbs. These are: Brachiocephalic trunk Left…
The Extraocular Muscles
…the sympathetic trunk in the neck: Partial ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) – Due to denervation of the superior tarsal muscle. Miosis (pupillary constriction) – Due to denervation of…
The Diaphragm
…nerve, and vice versa. Each phrenic nerve is formed in the neck within the cervical plexus and contains fibres from spinal roots C3-C5. The majority of the arterial supply to…
The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
…relatively uncommon cranial nerve palsy. Possible causes include head & neck malignancy and penetrating traumatic injuries. If the symptoms are accompanied by acute pain, a possible cause may be dissection…
The Pleurae
…Lines the extension of the pleural cavity into the neck. Costal pleura – Covers the inner aspect of the ribs, costal cartilages, and intercostal muscles. Diaphragmatic pleura – Covers the…
The Oesophagus
…TeachMeSeries Ltd (2023) Fig 1.0 – The oesophagus Anatomical Course The oesophagus begins in the neck, at the level of C6. Here, it is continuous superiorly with the laryngeal part…
The Tongue
…pit, the foramen cecum (blind window), at the end of which lies the thyroid gland. During development, this descends from the tongue down into the neck, If, on the way…