Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

Written by Jennifer Novo

Last updated August 7, 2025 • 5 Revisions

The posterior circumflex humeral artery is an artery of the shoulder region. It is a branch of the axillary artery.

It contributes to the blood supply of the shoulder joint and its associated muscles.

Pro Feature - 3D Model

Course

The posterior circumflex humeral artery arises from the lateral aspect of the third part of the axillary artery. It originates just posterior to the anterior circumflex humeral artery, at the inferior border of the subscapularis muscle.

From here, the artery passes posteriorly through the quadrangular space, accompanied by the axillary nerve, and wraps around the surgical neck of the humerus.

A descending branch arises during its course, travelling distally to anastomose with the ascending deltoid branch of the deep brachial artery.

The posterior circumflex humeral artery then terminates by anastomosing with the anterior circumflex humeral artery.

Fig 1
The posterior circumflex humeral artery.

Pro Feature - Dissection Images

Supply

The posterior circumflex humeral artery contributes to the supply of the:

  • Glenohumeral joint
  • Head of the humerus
  • Surrounding musculature – teres major, teres minor, deltoid, long head of the triceps brachii

Fig 2
Contents of the quadrangular space; the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery.