Trunk

Overview

The Trunk movement section uses interactive 3D models to demonstrate how the abdominal wall and lumbar spine work together to produce movement and maintain stability. These models focus on functional anatomy, showing how coordinated muscle activity enables flexion, extension, lateral flexion and controlled movement during breathing and dynamic tasks.

Key Features

This section includes models illustrating abdominal movement in breathing, trunk flexion and extension, lateral flexion of the trunk, lumbar spine movements and integrated functional actions such as a medicine ball throw. Muscles involved in each movement are highlighted, allowing users to visualise lines of pull, force generation and spinal mechanics from multiple perspectives.

Learning Focus

These models support understanding of core stability, spinal biomechanics and functional movement patterns. They are particularly useful for learning applied anatomy relevant to musculoskeletal assessment, rehabilitation, sports performance and lower back pathology. The visualisation of muscle action in motion helps bridge the gap between anatomy, biomechanics and clinical practice.