Bones of the Thorax

Overview

The bony framework of the thorax protects vital organs and provides attachment points for respiratory muscles. This section introduces the main skeletal components and their roles in stability, protection and ventilation.

Key Structures

Topics include the ribs, sternum and thoracic spine, outlining their features, articulations and functional contributions to thoracic movement and respiration.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Knowledge of thoracic skeletal anatomy is important for assessing trauma, interpreting chest imaging and understanding respiratory mechanics. This section supports identification of fractures, deformities and degenerative changes.

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Illustration of the anatomical position of the sternum in the thorax.

The Sternum

Anatomical illustration of a typical rib showing bony landmarks.

The Ribs

The Thoracic Spine

Popular

Lateral view of the neck highlighting the two heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle innervated by the accessory nerve (CN XI).
Encyclopaedia

Sternocleidomastoid

by Dr Oliver Jones

Illustration of the two orbital muscles of facial expression: Orbicularis Oculi and Corrugator Supercilii.
Encyclopaedia

Orbicularis Oculi

by Max Bidewell

Diagram illustrating the course and branches of the infraorbital nerve, including the inferior palpebral and superior labial nerves.
Encyclopaedia

Superior Labial Nerve

by Melissa Phu