The Female Reproductive Tract

Overview

The female reproductive organs support menstruation, fertilisation, pregnancy and childbirth. This section introduces the pelvic anatomy of these structures and outlines their layered support system and vascular supply. These organs also play important roles in endocrine regulation and pelvic stability.

Key Structures

Topics include the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and supporting ligaments, with clear description of spatial relationships and functional anatomy.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Understanding female reproductive anatomy is essential for evaluating pelvic pain, infertility, prolapse, ectopic pregnancy and gynaecological malignancies. This section supports clinical examination, imaging and surgical decision-making.

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Illustration of the major structures of the vulva, including labia, clitoris, and mons pubis.

The Vulva

Sagittal section of the female pelvis illustrating the anatomical position of the bladder.

The Vagina

Diagram of the ectocervix and endocervical canal, illustrating their openings.

The Cervix

Diagram illustrating the three anatomical divisions of the uterus.

The Uterus

Illustration of the four main parts of the fallopian tubes.

The Fallopian (Uterine) Tubes

Overview of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and associated ligaments, including round and ovarian ligaments.

The Ovaries

Diagram illustrating the major ligaments of the ovary, including the ligament of ovary and suspensory ligament.

Ligaments of the Female Reproductive Tract

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Diagram illustrating the course of the lacrimal nerve.
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Lacrimal Nerve

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Anatomy diagram illustrating the cutaneous nerves of the foot, highlighting the distribution of the dorsal cutaneous nerves.
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The Superficial Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve

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