Anatomical Areas

Overview

The lower limb contains several defined spaces that act as pathways for neurovascular structures and guide clinical examination. This section introduces key anatomical areas, providing a framework for understanding how different regions connect.

Key Structures

Topics include the femoral triangle, adductor canal, popliteal fossa, gluteal region and tarsal tunnel. Articles describe their boundaries, contents and relationships with surrounding muscles, vessels and nerves.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Knowledge of these spaces is essential for interpreting vascular compromise, nerve entrapment and trauma. The content supports practical skills such as pulse assessment, nerve block planning and surface anatomy identification.

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Illustration of the anatomical contents of the femoral triangle, including key structures labeled.

The Femoral Triangle

Illustration depicting the anatomical borders of the femoral canal.

The Femoral Canal

Cross-section of the thigh highlighting the borders of the adductor canal, excluding the adductor magnus.

The Adductor Canal

Illustration showing the anatomical borders of the popliteal fossa formed by thigh and leg muscles.

The Popliteal Fossa

Diagram illustrating the roof of the tarsal tunnel formed by the flexor retinaculum, highlighting its extensions from the medial malleolus to the medial tubercle of the calcaneus.

The Tarsal Tunnel

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Diagram illustrating the superficial branch of the radial nerve.
Encyclopaedia

Superficial Radial Nerve

by Atilla Emin

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by Sam Barnes

Illustration of the azygos venous network draining into the superior vena cava, related to the posterior mediastinum.
Areas of the Thorax

The Posterior Mediastinum

by Vicky Theakston