Lingual Artery - Podcast Version 0:00 / 0:00 1x 0.25x 0.5x 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x 1.75x 2x The lingual artery is an artery of the head and neck region. It is the third major branch of the external carotid artery. It is responsible for the blood supply to the tongue and floor of the mouth. Pro Feature - 3D Model You've Discovered a Pro Feature Access our 3D Model Library Explore, cut, dissect, annotate and manipulate our 3D models to visualise anatomy in a dynamic, interactive way. Learn More Course The lingual artery originates from the anteromedial aspect of the external carotid artery at the level of the hyoid bone (C3). It ascends medially along the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle. It then passes deep to the hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid muscle and posterior belly of the digastric. The lingual artery enters the tongue by passing deep to the hyoglossus muscle. It terminates by dividing into deep lingual and sublingual branches within the substance of the tongue, By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2026) Fig 1The lingual artery is the third major branch of the external carotid artery. Supply The lingual artery supplies structures in the head and neck via four main branches: Suprahyoid branch – supplies the suprahyoid muscles of the neck. Dorsal lingual branches – supply the posterior tongue, soft palate, palatine tonsil and epiglottis. Sublingual branch – supplies the sublingual gland, mylohyoid muscle, and floor of the mouth. Deep lingual branch – supplies the tongue. By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2026) Fig 2Major branches of the lingual artery. Frequent questions What is the function of the lingual artery? The lingual artery provides blood supply to the tongue and the floor of the mouth. It plays a crucial role in delivering oxygenated blood to these vital structures. Where does the lingual artery originate? The lingual artery arises from the anteromedial aspect of the external carotid artery at the level of the hyoid bone, specifically at the C3 vertebral level. This positioning is important for its subsequent course and supply. What structures does the lingual artery supply? The lingual artery supplies various structures in the head and neck through four main branches, including the suprahyoid muscles, posterior tongue, and sublingual gland. These branches ensure adequate blood flow to the tongue and surrounding areas. How does the lingual artery course through the neck? After originating from the external carotid artery, the lingual artery ascends medially along the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle and passes deep to the hypoglossal nerve and other muscles. This pathway is essential for reaching the tongue. What are the terminal branches of the lingual artery? The lingual artery terminates by bifurcating into the deep lingual and sublingual branches within the tongue. These branches are vital for supplying the tongue's interior and the floor of the mouth. Rate This Article