Genioglossus - Podcast Version 0:00 / 0:00 1x 0.25x 0.5x 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x 1.75x 2x The genioglossus is an extrinsic muscle of the tongue. It is a large, thick muscle, which contributes significantly to the shape of the tongue. Attachments: Arises from the mandibular symphysis. It inserts onto the body of the hyoid bone and the entire length of the tongue. Function: Protrusion (‘sticking the tongue out’) and depression of the tongue. Innervation: Hypoglossal nerve. Blood supply: Lingual artery with contributions from the tonsillar artery. By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2026) Fig 1The extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Note the palatoglossus muscle is not included in this illustration. Pro Feature - 3D Model You've Discovered a Pro Feature Access our 3D Model Library Explore, cut, dissect, annotate and manipulate our 3D models to visualise anatomy in a dynamic, interactive way. Learn More Frequent questions What is the genioglossus muscle? The genioglossus is a large extrinsic muscle of the tongue that plays a key role in shaping the tongue. It is responsible for movements such as protrusion and depression of the tongue. Where does the genioglossus muscle attach? The genioglossus originates from the mandibular symphysis and inserts onto the body of the hyoid bone as well as along the entire length of the tongue. What is the primary function of the genioglossus? The primary functions of the genioglossus are to protrude the tongue and to depress it. These actions are essential for various oral activities, including speech and swallowing. Which nerve innervates the genioglossus muscle? The genioglossus muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve. This nerve is crucial for controlling the movements of the tongue. What is the blood supply to the genioglossus? The blood supply to the genioglossus comes mainly from the lingual artery, with additional contributions from the tonsillar artery. This vascular supply is vital for the muscle's function and health. Rate This Article