The Back

Overview

The back provides the central support for the body and protects the spinal cord. This section introduces the structure and function of the vertebral column, paraspinal muscles and associated ligaments, establishing the framework for understanding posture and movement.

Key Structures

Topics include the vertebrae and intervertebral joints, the spinal cord and meninges, and the superficial and deep muscle layers. Diagrams and clinical notes highlight key anatomical relationships that underpin spinal movement and neural protection.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Mastering spinal anatomy supports diagnosis and treatment of back pain, disc herniation and spinal cord injury. The section links anatomy with biomechanics and clinical practice, helping learners interpret examination findings and imaging with precision.

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Bones

  • The Vertebral Column

Muscles

  • The Intrinsic Back Muscles
  • The Superficial Back Muscles
  • +1 more

Nerves

  • The Spinal Cord

Popular

Diagram showing the anatomical course of the femoral nerve and its two cutaneous branches: anterior cutaneous fibers and saphenous nerve.
Encyclopaedia

Anterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh

by Muhammed Owais Patel

Illustration of the muscles of the medial thigh with anterior compartment muscles removed, highlighting the adductor group.
Encyclopaedia

Adductor Longus

by Dr Oliver Jones

Lateral view diagram of the oral muscles of facial expression, highlighting the blending of buccinator and orbicularis oris fibers.
Encyclopaedia

Orbicularis Oris

by Max Bidewell