Bones of the Abdomen

Overview

The lumbar spine forms the supportive posterior boundary of the abdomen and plays a key role in weight-bearing and movement. This section introduces its structural features and regional organisation.

Key Structures

Coverage includes the vertebral structure, intervertebral joints and supporting ligaments of the lumbar spine, highlighting their functional adaptations.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Understanding lumbar anatomy is essential for assessing back pain, nerve compression, spinal trauma and regional anaesthesia. This foundation supports safe examination and imaging interpretation.

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The Lumbar Spine

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Illustration showing the four tonsils of Waldeyer’s ring—pharyngeal, tubal, palatine, and lingual—in side-section and front views of the mouth and throat.
Blood Vessels and Lymphatics of the Head & Neck

The Tonsils (Waldeyer’s Ring)

by Smrithi Santhosh

Palmar view of the labeled thenar muscles of the thumb, including the abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, and flexor pollicis brevis, along with the recurrent branch of the median nerve.
Encyclopaedia

Opponens Pollicis

by Dr Oliver Jones

Illustration of the muscles of the anterior leg, including the anterior tibial artery.
Encyclopaedia

Tibialis Anterior

by Roxanne Salkeld