Superior Thoracic Artery - Podcast Version 0:00 / 0:00 1x 0.25x 0.5x 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x 1.75x 2x The superior thoracic artery is a branch of the axillary artery. It supplies some of the muscles of the anterior and lateral chest wall. Course The superior thoracic artery has a highly variable course between individuals. It originates from the first part of the axillary artery, proximal to the pectoralis minor muscle. It passes anteromedially and inferiorly, posterior to the axillary vein. It then courses along the superior border of the pectoralis minor muscle as it passes between pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles. The branches of the superior thoracic artery anastomose with branches of the internal thoracic and superior intercostal arteries. Adobe Stock, Licensed to TeachMeSeries Ltd Fig 1Anatomical course of the superior thoracic artery Supply The superior thoracic artery gives arterial supply to the following structures: Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Subclavius muscle Superior aspect of serratus anterior muscle Muscle and skin of first and second intercostal spaces (via small unnamed branches) By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2026) Fig 2The serratus anterior and pectoralis minor muscles. Pro Feature - 3D Model You've Discovered a Pro Feature Access our 3D Model Library Explore, cut, dissect, annotate and manipulate our 3D models to visualise anatomy in a dynamic, interactive way. Learn More Frequent questions What is the superior thoracic artery? The superior thoracic artery is a branch of the axillary artery that supplies muscles in the anterior and lateral chest wall. It plays a crucial role in providing blood to the pectoralis major and minor muscles, among others. What structures are supplied by the superior thoracic artery? The superior thoracic artery supplies the pectoralis major and minor muscles, the subclavius muscle, the superior part of the serratus anterior muscle, and the skin and muscles of the first and second intercostal spaces. These supplies are essential for the function and movement of the upper chest. Where does the superior thoracic artery originate? The superior thoracic artery originates from the first part of the axillary artery, located proximal to the pectoralis minor muscle. Its position is significant for understanding its anatomical relationships in the upper thorax. How does the superior thoracic artery course through the thorax? The superior thoracic artery courses anteromedially and inferiorly, passing posterior to the axillary vein and along the superior border of the pectoralis minor muscle. This course is variable among individuals, which can affect surgical approaches in the region. What is the clinical relevance of the superior thoracic artery? The superior thoracic artery is clinically relevant due to its supply to key muscles of the chest wall, making it important in procedures involving the axillary region. Understanding its anatomy is essential for avoiding complications during surgeries in this area. Rate This Article