Lumbricals (Foot)

The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles located in the second plantar layer of the foot, responsible for facilitating movement in the toes. They originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and attach to the extensor hoods of the lateral four digits.

The main function of the lumbricals is to flex the metatarsophalangeal joints while extending the interphalangeal joints of the toes. This coordinated action is essential for proper toe movement during walking and balance.

The lumbricals receive innervation from two different nerves: the medial lumbrical is supplied by the medial plantar nerve, while the lateral three lumbricals are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve. This dual innervation is crucial for their functional role in toe movement.

The lumbricals are primarily supplied by the lateral plantar artery and the plantar metatarsal arteries. This vascular supply is vital for maintaining muscle function and overall foot health.

The lumbricals attach to the extensor hoods of the lateral four toes after originating from the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus. This specific attachment allows them to effectively contribute to the flexion and extension of the toes during movement.